Learning Center for Tax and Financial Insights

January is always such a transitional month. You’re trying to wrap up everything that didn’t get done during a hectic December. At the same time, you have to jump into the new year and start doing your regularly-scheduled work. It can be hard to tell sometimes which year you’re working on.Don’t forget about QuickBooks while you’re catching up on 2021 and looking ahead to 2022. You probably don’t want to put one more item on your to-do list, but any steps you take now to ready the software for the new year will pay off. Once you start entering transactions and placing orders and welcoming new customers, it will help tremendously to have a clean slate.Here are some suggestions for completing as much of the work you started in 2021 as you can.Run four critical reports.Bills can slip through without being paid in December because there’s so much going on. This applies to both you and your customers. You need to catch up on what’s owed to you and what you owe. So generate these four reports in QuickBooks:A/R Aging Detail. Which of your customers are in arrears with their payments to you? How much do they owe you, and when should the money have come in?Open Invoices. Which invoices have not yet been paid? There will be some duplication with A/R Aging Detail, but this report isolates only unpaid transactions.A/P Aging Detail. Are you caught up with the money you owe other individuals and companies? This report will tell you.Unpaid Bill Details. Like Open Invoices, this report sets apart only the bills that have unpaid balances.Create statements for past-due customers.One collection method you can use in QuickBooks if you don’t want to communicate directly with overdue customers is to send statements.You’ll have to decide how hard you want to lean on customers who are late paying your bills when it’s so early in the year. Certainly, if some customers are more than 60 days late (30 days if they have sizable balances), you may want to make a phone call or at least send a personalized email asking them to fulfill their obligations.But you can also send statements. These documents provide details of financial activity between you and your customers for a given period of time. Open the Customers menu and click Create Statements. Look over all of the options in the window that opens and indicate your preferences. If customers don’t respond to your statements within 10 days, then it may be time for a phone call.Take a hard look at your inventory.It may have been a while since you did this, but it’s really important to do it regularly – especially if you had a busy holiday season. The best way to start on this is to open the Vendors menu, scroll down and hover over Vendor Activities, and click Inventory Center.

Article Highlights: Spousal IRACompensation RequirementsMaximum ContributionTraditional or Roth IRA?One of the fallouts of the COVID-19 pandemic is that millions of people have dropped out of the workforce, particularly female workers with families. While they remain unemployed, these women will have lost the opportunity to build up their retirement nest egg through their employers’ retirement plans. However, those who are married have an option to accumulate retirement funds that will help make up for some of their lost retirement savings.This frequently overlooked tax benefit is the spousal IRA. Generally, IRA contributions are only allowed for taxpayers who have compensation (the term “compensation” includes wages, tips, bonuses, professional fees, commissions, taxable alimony received, and net income from self-employment). Spousal IRAs are the exception to that rule and allow a nonworking or low-earning spouse to contribute to his or her own IRA, otherwise known as a spousal IRA, as long as his or her spouse has adequate compensation. The maximum amount that a nonworking or low-earning spouse can contribute to either a traditional or Roth IRA (or a combination) is the same as the limit for a working spouse, which is $6,000 for 2021. If the nonworking spouse is 50 years or older, that spouse can also make “catch-up” contributions (limited to $1,000), raising the overall contribution limit to $7,000. These limits apply provided that the couple together has compensation equal to or greater than their combined IRA contributions. Example: Tony is employed, and his W-2 for 2021 is $100,000. His wife Rosa, age 45, didn’t work during the year after deciding to care for their children at home due to their difficulty finding childcare providers. Since her own compensation of zero is less than the contribution limit for the year, Rosa can base her contribution on their combined compensation of $100,000. Thus, Rosa can contribute up to $6,000 to an IRA for 2021. Even if Rosa had done some part-time work and earned $2,500, she could still make a $6,000 IRA contribution.

The IRS has announced the new standard mileage rates to be used for automobile tax deductions, which are set to take effect on January 1st. Watch this video for a quick overview of the new rates.

Article Highlights:Reverse MortgagesReverse Mortgage TermsWho Deducts the Interest?When Is the Interest Deductible?Home Equity Loan and Reverse Mortgage Issues Compared With inflation on the rise and medical care costs escalating, what options do seniors have for keeping up, especially if they have a mortgage on their home and their retirement income is only barely covering their mortgage payments and other necessities, with little left over for some enjoyment in their golden years, without relying on help from family? One choice may be a reverse mortgage, which would allow the homeowner(s) to borrow against the equity they have built up in their home over the years. The loan is not due until the homeowner passes away or moves out of the home. If the homeowner dies, then the homeowner’s heirs can pay off the debt by selling the house, and any remaining equity goes to them. If the loan balance at that time is equal to or more than the home’s value, then the repayment amount is limited to the home’s worth. Generally, the reverse mortgage won’t be due as long as at least one homeowner lives in the home as their primary home. In order to be eligible for this loan, the borrower must be at least 62 years of age and have equity in the home. The reverse mortgage must be a first trust deed. Thus, any existing loans would have to be paid off with separate funds or with the proceeds from the reverse mortgage. The amount that can be borrowed is based on the borrower’s age, current interest rates, appraised value of the home, and government-imposed lending limits. The older the borrower, the greater the amount that can be borrowed and the lower the interest rate. The borrower can take the loan as a lump sum, as a line of credit, or in equal monthly payments for a fixed number of years or for as long as the borrower lives in the home. In addition, the money generally can be used for any purpose, without restrictions. As is the case with other loans, the reverse mortgage loan is not taxable, regardless of the payment method. The borrower retains the title to the home and must continue to pay property taxes and homeowner insurance as well as maintain the property. Thus, property taxes – within the $10,000 annual SALT limitation – that the borrower pays will continue to be tax deductible if the borrower itemizes deductions.One question that always comes up when discussing reverse mortgages is whether the interest will be deductible. Consider the following factors when determining whether reverse mortgage interest is deductible, when it is deductible, and by whom:Interest (regardless of type) is not deductible until paid. A reverse mortgage loan does not need to be repaid as long as the borrower lives in the home. Therefore, the interest on a reverse mortgage is not deductible by anyone until the loan is paid off.Generally, reverse mortgages are classified as equity loans, and under the 2017 tax-reform rules of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), equity debt interest is not deductible during the years 2018 through 2025. (In years before 2018, the deductible equity debt interest was limited to the interest accrued on the first $100,000 of debt, and equity debt interest was not deductible by taxpayers subject to the alternative minimum tax.) There are exceptions for when the reverse mortgage is used to pay off an existing acquisition debt loan. If the reverse mortgage was used to refinance an existing home-acquisition loan, then when the reverse mortgage loan is paid off, a prorated portion of the accrued interest will be deductible home-acquisition debt interest.

Article HighlightsAmerican Rescue PlanAdvance PaymentsPayment Reconciliation IRS Letter 6419Refund May Not Be as ExpectedUnusual CTC Circumstances Economic Impact Payment Letter 6475Early in 2021 Congress passed the American Rescue Plan which included a provision that increased the child tax credit amount and upped the age limit of eligible children. Normally, the credit was $2,000 per eligible child under age 17. For the 2021 tax year the American Rescue Plan increased the credit to $3,000 for each child under age 18 and to $3,600 for children under age 6 at the end of the year. Even though the benefit of a tax credit traditionally isn’t available until after the tax return for the year has been filed, for 2021 the new tax law included a provision to get the credit benefit into the hands of taxpayers as quickly as possible and charged the Secretary of the Treasury with establishing an advance payment plan. Under this mandate, those qualifying for the credit would receive monthly payments starting in July equal to 1⁄12 of the amount the IRS estimated the taxpayer would be entitled to by using the information on the 2020 return. If the 2020 return had not been filed or processed yet by the IRS, the 2019 information was to be used. However, since the IRS only estimated the amount of the advance payments, some taxpayers may have received too much and others not enough. Thus, the payments received must be reconciled on the 2021 tax return with the amount that each taxpayer is actually entitled to. Those who received too much may be required to repay some portion of the advance credit while some may be entitled to an additional amount. To provide taxpayers with the information needed to reconcile the payments, the IRS has begun sending out Letter 6419, an end-of-year statement that outlines the payments received as well as the number of qualifying children used by the IRS to determine the advance payments. For those who filed jointly on their prior year return, each spouse will receive a Letter 6419 showing the advance amount received. Do not discard the letter(s) from the IRS as they will be required to properly file 2021 returns. Having received the advance credit payment, taxpayers will find their refunds will be substantially less than they may have expected, or they might even end up owing money on their tax return unless their AGI is low enough to qualify for the safe harbor repayment protection for lower-income taxpayers, in which case the excess advance repayment is eliminated or reduced.

In 2021, the IRS sent out Advanced Child Tax Credit payments to qualified families, using the data from 2019 and 2020 tax returns as an estimate. However, since it was just an estimation, the payments received must be reconciled on the 2021 tax return. Watch this video for details.