Congress Toying with the SALT Deduction Limitation

April 20, 2026
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Article Highlights:118th CongressSALT Deduction LimitationsDeduction BackgroundStates Most AffectedPending LegislationWho Benefits from a ChangeTax Foundation StatisticsThere is movement in the 118th (2023-2024) U.S. Congress, primarily the House of Representatives, which has three bills before it that would liberalize the current itemized deduction limitation on state and local taxes, referred to as the SALT limitation, which is currently $10,000.The SALT deduction limitation places a cap on the amount of state and local taxes (SALT) that taxpayers who itemize their deductions can deduct from their federal taxable income. This limitation was created by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), which was signed into law by President Trump in December 2017. This provision started with tax year 2018 and is scheduled to expire after 2025.Prior to passage of this law, taxpayers could deduct the full amount of their state and local property taxes, as well as either their state and local income taxes or sales taxes. However, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act introduced a deduction cap of $10,000 per year for the total amount of these taxes. This means that taxpayers who pay more than $10,000 in combined state and local taxes can only deduct a portion of these taxes from their federal taxable income.As an example, let's say you are a homeowner in a high-tax state like New York. In a given year, you pay $16,000 in state income tax and $10,000 in local property taxes. This totals $26,000 in state and local taxes. So, even though you paid $26,000 in state and local taxes, you can only deduct $10,000 from your federal taxable income. Thus, you end up losing $16,000 of your state and local tax itemized deductions, and if you are in the 24% tax bracket that would end up costing you federal income tax of $3,840.The states most affected by the SALT limitation are generally those with high state and local tax rates. These tend to be wealthier, more populated states. According to the Tax Foundation and other tax policy experts, the states most affected include:New York: New York has high state income taxes and property taxes, especially in the New York City area.New Jersey: New Jersey has some of the highest property taxes in the country.California: California has high state income taxes, particularly for high earners.Connecticut: Connecticut has high property taxes and also levies a state income tax.Illinois: Illinois has high property taxes and a state income tax.Maryland: Maryland has both state and county income taxes, as well as high property taxes in some areas.Residents in these states are more likely to have state and local tax bills that exceed the $10,000 SALT deduction cap, meaning they face higher federal tax bills under the SALT limit.

Tax and Financial Insights
by NR CPAs & Business Advisors

Explore practical articles that explain tax strategies, financial considerations, and important topics that may affect your business decisions.

2026 IRS Mileage Rates: Key Updates and Insights

The IRS has rolled out the inflation-adjusted mileage rates for 2026, offering taxpayers an efficient way to claim deductions for vehicle-related expenses incurred for business, charity, medical, or moving purposes. These adjustments reflect the continued economic shifts impacting car operation costs.

Effective January 1, 2026, the new standard mileage rates are established as follows:

  • Business Travel: Increased to 72.5 cents per mile, inclusive of a 35-cent-per-mile depreciation allocation. This marks a rise from the 70 cents per mile rate set for 2025
  • Medical/Moving Purposes: Reduced slightly to 20.5 cents per mile, down from 21 cents in the previous year, reflecting the variable cost considerations.
  • Charitable Contributions: Consistent at 14 cents per mile, a fixed rate unchanged for over a quarter-century.

As is typical, the business mileage rate considers the integral fixed and variable costs of automobile operation. Meanwhile, the medical and moving rates remain contingent on variable expenses as determined by the IRS study.

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It is critical to note that the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) held firm on disallowing moving expense deductions except for specific cases within the Armed Forces and intelligence community, marking a substantial shift since 2017.

When engaging in charitable work, taxpayers might opt for a direct expense deduction over the per-mile method, covering gas and oil costs. However, comprehensive upkeep and insurance costs are non-deductible expenses.

Business Vehicle Use Considerations: Taxpayers can alternatively compute vehicle expenses using actual costs, which might benefit from shifting depreciation rules, particularly through bonuses and first-year advantages. Keep in mind, however, reverting from actual cost calculations to standard rates in subsequent years is restricted, particularly per vehicle protocol and when exceeding four vehicles in concurrent use.

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Additionally, parking, tolls, and property taxes attributable to business can be deducted independently of the general rate, an often-overlooked advantage by many business owners.

Tax Strategies for Employers and Employees: Reimbursements based on the standard mileage framework, providing the right documentation is in place, remain tax-free for employees. Meanwhile, the elimination and continued prohibition of unreimbursed employee deductions continue, with particular exceptions offered to qualified personnel across specific occupations.

Opportunities for Self-employed Individuals: Entrepreneurs remain eligible for deductions on business-related vehicle use via Schedule C, with potential to account for business-use interest on auto loans.

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Heavy SUVs and Deduction Advantages: Heavier vehicles exceeding 6,000 pounds but under 14,000 pounds open opportunities for substantial tax deductions through Section 179 and bonus depreciation avenues. The lifecycle of such a vehicle bears implications on recapturing initially claimed deductions, urging cautious tax planning.

For professional guidance on optimizing your vehicle-related tax deductions and understanding their implications on tax strategies, contact our office in Coral Gables, Florida, where expert advice and strategic insights are just a call away.

Educator's Deduction Reform: Key Changes Under OBBBA

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) introduces significant enhancements for educators' tax deductions starting in 2026, offering both strategic opportunities and planning considerations for educators who qualify. With the reinstated itemized deduction for qualified unreimbursed expenses, educators have a broader spectrum of financial relief. This is complemented by the retention of the $350 above-the-line deduction, allowing educators to maximize their tax benefits by selectively allocating expenses between these avenues.

Understanding the nuances of these changes is crucial for educators and financial advisors alike. The dual-option deduction strategy can potentially enhance tax efficiency, thereby aligning with broader financial planning goals.

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At NR CPAs & Business Advisors, based in Coral Gables, Florida, our expertise in tax preparation and planning provides invaluable support to educators navigating these changes. Our comprehensive approach, combined with personalized advice from our experienced team, ensures compliance and optimization in line with the latest tax legislations.

Given these updates, it is imperative to engage with seasoned professionals to fully leverage your deduction strategies. Contact us today to streamline your tax planning under OBBBA's new guidelines and maximize your deductions for upcoming tax years.

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